Want to know the secret to healthy, youthful-looking skin? Come closer … A little bit closer … Ready?
It’s sunscreen.
Yes, sunscreen. You know, that thing we’re all probably not using enough of? Turns out, it works wonders. That’s because an estimated 90% of visible skin damage, including fine lines, wrinkles, and dark spots, is caused by sun exposure. Yes, you read that correctly — 90%. Sunscreen also protects your skin from sunburn and skin cancer. In short, wearing sunscreen is one of the best — and easiest — ways to protect your skin’s appearance and health at any age.
Yet sunscreen is one aspect of skincare that seems shrouded in mystery. Questions surrounding the safety of certain sunscreen ingredients have left consumers feeling confused and wondering where to turn.
So, what do you need to know that can help you choose the best sunscreen for you? Let’s break it down:
Physical Sunscreen
The first thing to know is that sunscreen falls into one of two categories: physical and chemical. Physical sunscreen (also called mineral sunscreen) works by sitting on top of the skin and physically reflecting the sun’s rays. Using minerals like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, physical sunscreens are often considered better for sensitive skin as they are less likely to cause irritation. Physical sunscreens can also help block UVA rays that come through windows, which can cause hyperpigmentation and a breakdown of collagen in the skin.
While widely considered safe and effective, physical sunscreens do carry certain disadvantages. Mineral sunscreens aren’t always as water resistant as chemical options, so you may need to be more diligent about reapplication. In addition, physical sunscreens can be chalky and difficult to spread, often leaving a white cast on the skin. This can be especially problematic for people with darker skin tones.
Chemical Sunscreen
Chemical sunscreens work by absorbing UV radiation and converting it into heat, which is then released from the skin. Unlike physical sunscreens, which work immediately upon application, chemical sunscreens can take up to 20 minutes to penetrate the skin and convert UV radiation into heat. The most common chemical sunscreens are oxybenzone, avobenzone, octinoxate, octocrylene, and homosalate. These are the active ingredients most frequently found in over-the-counter sunscreens.
While approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), chemical sunscreens have faced increased scrutiny in recent years. Some research suggests that chemical sunscreen ingredients like oxybenzone may cause environmental damage and contribute to coral bleaching. Some governments have even banned these ingredients due to the damage they may cause to aquatic environments.
In addition, some have expressed concerns that certain chemicals, particularly oxybenzone and octinoxate, might disrupt certain hormonal and reproductive functions in humans. However, it’s important to note that current research hasn’t found conclusive evidence linking chemical sunscreens to adverse health outcomes. More research is required, and the FDA continues to work with researchers to evaluate the safety of active sunscreen ingredients.
Which One Is Best?
So, which type of sunscreen is the best? That depends on your priorities and preferences. If you’re concerned about the possible health and environmental impact of chemical sunscreens, a physical sunscreen may be the better choice for you. If you’re looking for a sunscreen that blends with your skin and is easier to apply and wear, you may want to consider a chemical sunscreen. Since both formulations have advantages and disadvantages, it can be difficult to say which is best. One thing is for certain: the best and most effective sunscreen is the one you wear consistently. That means every day, rain or shine, indoors and out.
What To Look For
Regardless of the kind of sunscreen you choose, there are things to seek out to ensure you’re getting the best protection. Look for a broad-spectrum sunscreen that protects skin from both UVA and UVB rays. You’ll also want to make sure you’re choosing a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 (my recommendation is SPF 30 or higher). If you’re going to be spending time in water, look for a sunscreen that is water-resistant or waterproof.
Always read product instructions thoroughly and remember to reapply as often as recommended (roughly every two hours). As for how much sunscreen to use, a nickel-sized dollop is recommended to protect your face. If you’re going for a full-body application (including your face), you’ll want to use about two tablespoons to protect all exposed areas.
Final Thoughts
No matter which variety you choose, be it chemical or physical, the fact remains that sunscreen is the cornerstone of any effective skincare routine. There’s no better way to protect and preserve the health and vitality of your skin.